Ophthalmic Drugs
Comprehensive pharmacology reference for topical, systemic, and intravitreal drugs.
86 drugs across 13 categories
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Mydriatics & Cycloplegics
Pharmacological agents used to dilate the pupil (mydriasis) and/or paralyze the ciliary muscle (cycloplegia). Includes parasympatholytics (anticholinergics) and sympathomimetics used for diagnostic examination, therapeutic pupil dilation, and cycloplegic refraction.
5 drugs
Local Anesthetics
Agents used for topical and regional ocular anesthesia in ophthalmic procedures. They act by reversibly blocking voltage-gated sodium channels in nerve membranes, preventing depolarization and propagation of action potentials.
5 drugs
Lubricants & Tear Substitutes
Artificial tear preparations and ocular lubricants used to supplement the tear film in dry eye disease and other ocular surface disorders. They work by increasing tear film stability, replacing deficient aqueous or mucin layers, and protecting the ocular surface epithelium.
7 drugs
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Anti-Glaucoma Drugs
Early accessDrugs used to lower intraocular pressure in open-angle glaucoma, angle-closure glaucoma, and ocular hypertension. Organized by class: prostaglandin analogues, beta-blockers, alpha-agonists, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, miotics, ROCK inhibitors, and osmotic agents.
13 drugs
Anti-Infective Agents
Early accessOphthalmic anti-infective agents including fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, other antibacterials, antivirals, antifungals, and antiparasitic agents used in the treatment of ocular infections.
16 drugs
Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
Early accessOphthalmic anti-inflammatory agents including topical corticosteroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) used in the management of ocular inflammation, post-surgical care, and related conditions.
9 drugs
Anti-Allergy Drugs
Early accessOphthalmic anti-allergy agents including dual-action drugs (combined antihistamine and mast cell stabilizer activity), pure mast cell stabilizers, and selective antihistamines used in the management of allergic conjunctivitis, vernal keratoconjunctivitis, and atopic keratoconjunctivitis.
8 drugs
Ophthalmic Dyes & Stains
Early accessDiagnostic and surgical dyes used in ophthalmology for visualization of ocular surface defects, angiographic imaging, and intraoperative tissue staining. These agents exploit differential uptake by damaged, devitalized, or specific tissue types.
6 drugs
Anti-Fibrotic Agents
Early accessAntimetabolite drugs used to modulate wound healing in ophthalmic surgery, particularly trabeculectomy and pterygium excision. They inhibit fibroblast proliferation, reducing scar formation that can compromise surgical outcomes.
2 drugs
Immunosuppressants
Early accessImmunosuppressive agents used topically for ocular surface disease (dry eye, VKC) and systemically for non-infectious uveitis and other inflammatory eye diseases. Require careful monitoring for systemic toxicity.
5 drugs
Viscoelastic Substances (OVDs)
Early accessOphthalmic viscosurgical devices (OVDs) used during anterior segment surgery to maintain the anterior chamber, protect the corneal endothelium, and facilitate surgical maneuvers. Classified by rheological properties into cohesive, dispersive, and viscoadaptive types.
3 drugs
Fortified Preparations
Early accessExtemporaneously compounded fortified antibiotic eye drops prepared from parenteral formulations at concentrations higher than commercially available ophthalmic preparations. Essential for treating microbial keratitis, especially bacterial corneal ulcers. Require refrigeration and have limited shelf-life.
3 drugs
Miscellaneous Ophthalmic Agents
Early accessOphthalmic agents that do not fit neatly into other pharmacological categories, including antiseptics, irrigating solutions, chelating agents, and biological preparations used in various diagnostic, surgical, and therapeutic contexts.
4 drugs